Bar graphs are especially useful when categorical data is being used. Some bar graphs present bars clustered in groups of more than one (grouped bar graphs), and others show the bars divided into subparts to show cumulative effect (stacked bar graphs). It is a plot that displays ordered numerical data. One axis of the chart shows the specific categories being compared, and the other axis represents a discrete value. Solved Examples Frequently Asked Questions What are Stem and Leaf Plots A stem and leaf plot, also known as a stem and leaf diagram, is a way to arrange and represent data so that it is simple to see how frequently various data values occur. A bar graph is a chart that uses either horizontal or vertical bars to show comparisons among categories. That is, finding a general pattern in data sets including temperature, sales, employment, company profit or cost over a period of time. These graphs are useful for finding trends. A line graph is often used to represent a set of data values in which a quantity varies with time. The advantage in a stem-and-leaf plot is that all values are listed, unlike a histogram, which gives classes of data values. In a stem-and-leaf plot, all data values within a class are visible. ![]() For example, 443 and 447 can be shown together on a stem and leaf plot as 44 3,7. The 'leaf' is shown on the right side of the table and shows the last digit of the data value. If the data point is 3.41, then 3.4 is the stem and 1 is the leaf. The 'stem' is shown on the left side of the table and shows the first digit or digits of data values. So, if the data point is 34, then 3 is the stem and 4 is the leaf. The stem is everything except the right-most digit. The frequency points are connected using line segments.Ī stem-and-leaf plot is a way to plot data and look at the distribution. To create a stemplot, the idea is to separate each data point into a stem and leaf, as follows: The leaf is the right-most digit. ![]() In the particular line graph shown in Example, the x-axis (horizontal axis) consists of data values and the y-axis (vertical axis) consists of frequency points. For example, the 4 in the seventh row indicates that there are four observations in the last three rows.\) Atlanta Hawks Wins and Losses Number of WinsĪnother type of graph that is useful for specific data values is a line graph. ![]() The depths following that row indicate the number of observations that lie in a given row or after. We thus know that the middle value lies in the fourth row. Each number written on the leaves part of the graph corresponds to a data entry. \ (81\) \ (3\) In the above example, the stem is \ (81\), and there is one leaf written as \ (3\). The row that contains the middle observation is denoted by having a bracketed number of observations in that row (7) for our example. You write the first part of this data entry in the left part of a table, known as the stem, and you write the last part at the right, known as a leaf. Numerical data is organised & displayed - each data value is split. For example, the 11 in the third row indicates that there are 11 observations in the first three rows. For example, the stem-and-leaf plot below displays the resting pulse rates of 19 students. Starting from the top, the depths indicate the number of observations that lie in a given row or before. The first column, called depths, are used to display cumulative frequencies. Stem-and-Leaf of weight of Jessica N = 30 Leaf Unit = 1.0 3 For example, the first value (also smallest value) is 132, it has a stem of 13 and 2 as the leaf. ![]() The table below shows her recorded weights in pounds.Ĭreate a Stem-and-Leaf Diagram for Jessica’s Weight. Jessica weighs herself every Saturday for the past 30 weeks.
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